PUBLICATIONS OF HERBERT E. TOWNSEND 1. P. Duby and H. E. Townsend, Measurement of the Gravitational Component of Cell Potential in Molten Salts, Journal Echem. Soc., 115, 605-609 (1968). 2. H. E. Townsend and P. Duby, Cation Transport Numbers in Molten AgNO3-AgCl Mixtures by Pressure-EMF Measurements, Journal of the Electrochemical Society Soc., 117, 1126-1129 (1970). 3. H. E. Townsend, Effects of Stress on Entry and Permeation of Hydrogen in Iron, Corrosion, 26, 361-362 (1970). 4. H. E. Townsend and P. Duby, Relative Anion Mobilities in AgNO3-AgCl by the Measurement of Density and the Gravitational Component of Cell Potential, Electrochimica Acta, 16, 1455-1467 (1971). 5. H. E. Townsend, Resistance of High Strength Structural Steel to Environmental Stress Corrosion Cracking, in ASTM STP 518, 155-166, ASTM, Phila. (1972). 6. H. E. Townsend, Hydrogen Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Steel Wire, Corrosion, 28, 39-46 (1972). 7. H. E. Townsend, Natural Gas Pipeline Stress Corrosion Cracking: A Failure Analysis, Materials Performance, 11, 33-37 (1972). 8. H. E. Townsend, Potential-pH Diagrams at Elevated Temperature for the System Fe-H20, in Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Metallic Corrosion, NACE, Houston, 477-487 (1972); Corrosion Science, 10, 343-358 (1970).

Potential-pH-Temperature Diagram for Iron (Reference 8)

9. H. E. Townsend, The importance of Heat Capacity in the Construction of Potential-pH Diagramsat Elevated Temperature, Corrosion Science, 13, 37-38 (1975). 10. H. E. Townsend, Corrosion Research at the Homer Research Laboratories, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Corrosion, 31, 37-38 (1975). 11. H. E. Townsend, Effects of Zinc Coatings on the Stress Corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen Embrittlement of Low-Alloy Steel, Metallurgical Transactions, 6A, 877-883 (1975). 12. J. C. Zoccola, H. E. Townsend, A. R. Borzillo, and J. B. Horton, Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated Steel, in Atmospheric Factors Affecting the Corrosion of Engineering Metals, STP 646, S. K. Coburn, Ed., 165-184, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1978). 13. H. E. Townsend and J. C. Zoccola, Chromate Passivation Protection of Zn- and Al-Zn-Coated Steel Sheet Against Wet Storage Stain, Journal Echem. Soc., 125, 1290-1292 (1978). 14. H. E. Townsend and J. C. Zoccola, Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of 55% Al-Zn-Coated Sheet Steel: Thirteen-Year Test Results, Materials Performance, 18 (10), 13-20, October (1979). 15. L. Allegra and H. E. Townsend, Undervehicle Corrosion Resistance of Al-Zn Alloy-Coated Steel Sheet, Metal Progress, 33-35, April (1981). 16. H. E. Townsend, A Study of the Entry and Removal of Hydrogen During Coating and Thermal Treatment of Steel, Corrosion, 37 (2), 115-120 (1981). 17. H. E. Townsend and L. Allegra, Precoated Sheet for Automotive Applications, in Automotive Corrosion by Deicing Salts, R. Baboian, Ed., National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Houston (1981), pp 337-351. 18. H. E. Townsend, H. J. Cleary, and L. Allegra, Breakdown of Oxide Films on Steel Exposed to Chloride Solutions, Corrosion, 37 (7), 384-391 (1981). 19. L. Allegra, N. S. Berke, and H. E. Townsend, Resistance of Galvanized, Aluminum-Coated, and 55% Al-Zn-Coated Steel Sheet to Atmospheric Corrosion Involving Standing Water, Atmospheric Corrosion, W. H. Ailor, Ed. John Wiley, New York, (1982), pp 595-606. 20. H. E. Townsend and J. C. Zoccola, Eight-Year Atmospheric Corrosion Performance of Weathering, Copper-Bearing and Carbon Steels, in Atmospheric Corrosion of Metals, STP 767, S. W. Dean, Jr. and E. C. Rhea, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Phila. (1982) 45-59. 21. H. E. Townsend and T. W. Fisher, 55% Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated Steel Sheet and Wire, Metals Handbook, Ninth Edition, Cleaning, Finishing and Coating, Vol. 5, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio (1982), pp 348-350. 22. H. E. Townsend, A Review of the Handbook of Corrosion Protection for Steel Pile Structures in Marine Environments, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 10(5), 239-240 (1982). 23. H. E. Townsend and C. F. Meitzner, Corrosion Resistance of Zinc/4% Aluminum and Zinc/7% Aluminum Alloy Coatings Compared to Zinc and Zinc/54% Aluminum Coatings, Materials Performance, 22(1), 54 (1983); Journal of the Metal Finishing Institute of Japan, 34(3), 1-3 (1983); Proceedings of the 13th International Galvanizers Conference, Zinc Development Association, London (1982). 24. J. J. Friel and H. E. Townsend, Corrosion Resistance of Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum Alloy Coatings, Sheet Metal Industries, 60(9), 506-507 (1983). 25. L. Allegra, R. G. Hart, and H. E. Townsend, Intergranular Zinc Embrittlement and Its Inhibition by Phosphorus in 55% Al-Zn-Coated Sheet Steel, Metallurgical Transactions A, 14A, 401-411 (1983). 26. H. E. Townsend and R. G. Hart, Composition of Chromate Passivation Films on Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated Sheet Steel, Journal Electrochem. Soc., 131(6), 1345-1348 (1984). 27. R. G. Hart and H. E. Townsend, Galvalume Excels as Heat Reflector, Metal Progress, November (1983), pp 29-33. 28. R. G. Hart, H. E. Townsend, and N. S. Berke, AES-XPS Studies of the Effects of Water Vapor and Oxygen on Solidification of Galvanized Coatings, Metallurgical Transactions B, 15B, 393-395 (1984). 29. M. R. Lambert, R. G. Hart, and H. E. Townsend, Corrosion Mechanisms of Zn-Ni Alloy Electrodeposited Coatings, Proceedings of the Automotive Corrosion Prevention Conference, P-36, pp 81-87, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, Pa. (1983). 30. R. G. Hart and H. E. Townsend, Mechanism of Cathodic Electrocoat Primer Cratering, Proceedings of the Automotive Corrosion Prevention Conference, P-36, pp 89-98, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, Pa. (1983). 31. C. R. Shastry, R. M. Latanision, and H. E. Townsend, Corrosion of Rapidly Solidified Fe-Ti-P Alloys with Cu, Cr, and B additions, Proceedings of the Materials Research Society Symposium on Rapidly Solidified Materials, Vol.28, pp 219-225, Elsevier Science Publishing, Inc. (1984). 32. H. E. Townsend and J. C. Zoccola, A Comparison of the Corrosion Resistance of the Skyward- and Groundward-Exposed Surfaces of 55% Al-Zn-Coated and Zinc-Coated Steel Sheet, Proceedings of the Ninth International Congress on Metallic Corrosion, Vol.3, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, (1984) pp 216-219. 33. N. S. Berke and H. E. Townsend, Comparison of the Kesternich SO2 Test with Industrial Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Zinc-, Aluminum-, and Al-Zn-Coated Steel Sheet, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, January (1985), pp 74-76. 34. R. G. Hart, D. J. Frydrych, and H. E. Townsend, Improving the Galvanic Properties of Zinc-Rich Organic Coatings by Corona Discharge Treatment, Corrosion Protection, Resistance and Testing, SP-612, pp 7-13, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1985). 35. D. J. Frydrych, R. G. Hart, and H. E. Townsend, Electrochemical Effects of Corona Discharge Treatment of Zinc-Filled Organic Coatings on Steel Sheet, Materials Performance, 24(11), 42-46 (1985). 36. C. R. Shastry, J. J. Friel, and H. E. Townsend, Sixteen-Year Atmospheric Corrosion Performance of Weathering Steels in Marine, Rural, and Industrial Environments, in, Degradation of Metals in the Atmosphere, STP 965, S. W. Dean and T. S. Lee, Eds., ASTM, Philadelphia, PA (1988), pp 5-15. 37. M. R. Lambert, H. E. Townsend, R. G. Hart, and D. J. Frydrych, Accelerated Corrosion Tests of Precoated Sheet Steels for Automobiles, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development, 24(3), 378-384 (1985). 38. H. E. Townsend, Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated Steel, Encyclopedia of Materials Science and Engineering, pp 175-180, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1986). 39. H. E. Townsend, L. Allegra, R. J. Dutton, S. A. Kriner, Hot-Dip Coated Sheet Steels -- A Review, Materials Performance, 25(8), 36-46 (1986). 40. D. J. Frydrych, G. C. Farrington and H. E. Townsend, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Zinc-Rich Organic Coatings on Steel, Proceedings of the Symposium on Corrosion Protection by Coatings, M. W. Kendig and H. Leidheiser, Jr., Eds., pp 240-252, Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, (1987). 41. H. E. Townsend and A. R. Borzillo, Twenty-Year Atmospheric Corrosion Tests of Hot-Dip Coated Sheet Steel, Materials Performance, 26 (7), 37-41 (1987). 42. H. E. Townsend, On The Effects of Magnesium on The Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Galvanized Sheet Steel, Corrosion, 44 (4), 229-230 (1988). 43. C. R. Shastry and H. E. Townsend, Mechanisms of Cosmetic Corrosion in Painted Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Sheet Steels, Corrosion, 45 (2), 102-119 (1989). 44. H. E.Townsend, Accelerated Corrosion Testing: A Cooperative Effort by the Automotive and Steel Industries, Proceedings of the World Materials Congress Symposium on Corrosion-Resistant Automotive Sheet Steels, L. Allegra, Ed., ASM International, Metals Park, OH (1988), pp 55-68. 45. C. R. Shastry and H. E. Townsend, Failure Mechanisms of Painted Sheet Steel in a Chipping Corrosion Test, Proceedings of the International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet, Y. Hisamatsu, Ed., Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo (1989), pp 511-518. 46. H. E. Townsend, A. R. Borzillo, and W. D. Barker, Performance of Al-Zn Alloy Coated Steel Sheet After Twenty-Two Years of Atmospheric Corrosion Testing, in Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Zinc-Coated Sheet, J. Edwards, Ed., Zinc Development Association, London, p.SA1/1-11 (1989). 47. C. R. Shastry and H. E. Townsend, Effect of Pretreatment on Performance of Zinc and Zinc Alloy Electroplated Sheet in a Cyclic Test Environment, Paper No. 892556, Proceedings of the Conference on Automotive Corrosion and Prevention, P-228, L. Allegra, Ed., SAE, Warrendale, PA (1989), pp 7-16. 48. H. E. Townsend, Status of a Cooperative Effort by the Automotive and Steel Industries to Develop a Standard Accelerated Corrosion Test Paper No. 892569, Proceedings of the Conference on Automotive Corrosion and Prevention, P-228, L. Allegra, Ed., SAE, Warrendale, PA (1989), pp 145-157. 49. H. E. Townsend, 55% Al-Zn-Beschichteter Stahl Nach 22 Jahren Aussenbewitterung, Metalloberfläche, 43 (7), 321-324 (1989). 50. D. C. Cook, R. S. Tuszynski, and H. E. Townsend, Zinc-Iron Phases Formed on Galvannealed Steels, Hyperfine Interactions, 54, 781-786, (1990). 51. H. E. Townsend, R. N. Steinbicker, and Y. H. Yau, Corrosion of Stainless Steel Conductor Roll Sleeves on a Continuous Electrogalvanizing Line, Corrosion, 46(5), 418-423, (1990). 52. H. E. Townsend, Coated Steel Sheets for Corrosion-Resistant Automobiles, Materials Performance, 30 (10), 60-65 (1991). 53. H. E. Townsend, R. G. Granata, D. C. McCune, W. A. Schumacher, and R. J. Neville, Progress by the Automotive and Steel Industries Toward an Improved Laboratory Corrosion Test, Proceedings of the 5th Automotive Corrosion and Prevention Symposium, P-250, paper no. 912275, SAE, Warrendale, PA (1991), pp 73-97. 54. H. E. Townsend, Twenty-Five-Year Corrosion Tests of 55% Al-Zn Alloy Coated Steel Sheet, Materials Performance, 32 (4), 68-71 (1993). 55. M. R. Ostermiller and H. E. Townsend, On-Vehicle Cosmetic Corrosion Evaluation of Coated and Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet, Proceedings of the Sixth Automotive Corrosion and Prevention Conference, P-268, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, pp 65-83 (1993),. 56. L. A. Roudabush, D. C. McCune, and H. E. Townsend, Update on the Development of an Improved Cosmetic Corrosion Test by the Automotive and Steel Industries, Proceedings of the Sixth Automotive Corrosion and Prevention Conference, P-268, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1993), pp 53-63; also in Cyclic Cabinet Corrosion Testing, STP 1238, Gardner S. Haynes, Editor, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1995), pp 61-80. 57. W. Nowak, H. E. Townsend, and L. Li, Corrosion Behavior of Oxide Coated Cold-Rolled and Electrogalvanized Steel, Proceedings of the Twelfth International Corrosion Congress, Volume 1, NACE International Houston (1993), pp 42-53. 58. H. E. Townsend, T. C. Simpson, and G. Johnson, Structure of Rust on Weathering Steel in Rural and Industrial Environments, Proceedings of the Twelfth International Corrosion Congress, Volume 2, NACE International, Houston (1993), pp 624-641; also in Corrosion, 50 (7), 546-554 (1994). 59. H. E. Townsend, G. L. Johnson, R. G. Grant, and D. C. Cook, Raman Spectroscopy of the Zeta Phase Zinc-Iron Intermetallic Compound, Scripta Metallurgia and Materialia, 31 (11), pp 1445-1147 (1994). 60. H. E. Townsend, Development of an Improved Laboratory Corrosion Test by the Automotive and Steel Industries, Advanced Coating Technology - Proceedings of the 4th Annual ESD Conference, The Engineering Society, Ann Arbor, MI (1994), pp 29-49. 61. H. E. Townsend, Continuous Hot Dip Coatings, ASM Handbook, Vol. 5 Surface Engineering, ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, 1994, pp 339-348. 62. H. E. Townsend, Effects of Silicon and Nickel on the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of ASTM A588 Weathering Steel, Atmospheric Corrosion, STP 1239, W. W. Kirk and H. H. Lawson, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1995), 85-100. 63. T. C. Simpson and H. E. Townsend, Metallic Coatings, Corrosion Tests and Standards: Application and Interpretation, R. Baboian, Ed., ASTM Philadelphia (1995), 513-524. 64. H. E. Townsend and A. R. Borzillo, Thirty-Year Atmospheric Corrosion Performance of 55% Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated Sheet Steel, Galvatech '95 Proceedings, Iron and Steel Society, Warrendale, PA (1995) 171-177; also in Materials Performance, 35 (4), 30-36 (1996). Reference 16

Effect of Aluminum Content on the Lifetimes of Aluminum-Zinc Alloy Coatings in the Industrial Atmosphere of Bethlehem, PA (Reference 64).

65. H. E. Townsend, Behavior of Painted Steel and Aluminum Sheet in Laboratory Automotive Corrosion Tests, Corrosion, 52 (1), 66-71 (1996). 66. M. Yamashita, H. Nagano, T. Misawa, and H. E. Townsend, Structure of Protective Rust Layers Formed on Weathering Steels in the Industrial Atmospheres of Japan and North America, Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Corrosion Congress, Australian Corrosion Association, Clayton, Victoria (1996), Vol. 1, Paper No. 37; also in ISIJ International, 38(3), 285-290 (1998) 67. H. E. Townsend, Round-Robin Evaluation of a New Standard Laboratory Test for Cosmetic Corrosion, in Corrosion Prevention, SP-1265, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1997), 53-68. 68. H. E. Townsend, Laboratory Perforation Corrosion Tests of Autobody Steel Sheet, in Corrosion Prevention, SP-1265, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (1997), 99-109. 69. H. E. Townsend and A. R. Borzillo, 55% Al-Zn Alloy-Coated Steel Sheet: The Versatile, Long-Lasting Building Panel Steel, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Zinc Coated Steel Sheet, European General Galvanizers Association, Surrey (1997). 70. H. E. Townsend, C. D. Gorman, and R. J. Fischer, Atmospheric Corrosion Performance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Bolts for Fastening Weathering Steel Guiderail, NACE International Paper No. 98344, 1998. 71. D. C. Cook, S. J. Oh, and H. E. Townsend, The Protective Layer Formed on Steels After Long-Term Atmospheric Exposure, NACE International Paper No. 98343 (1998). 72. S. J. Oh, D. C. Cook, and H. E. Townsend, Characterization of Iron Oxides Commonly Formed as Corrosion Products on Steel, Hyperfine Interactions, Vol. 112, pp.59-65 (1998). 73. H. E. Townsend, Atmospheric Corrosion of Skyward- and Groundward-Exposed Surfaces of Zinc- and 55% Al-Zn Alloy-Coated Steel Sheet, Corrosion, 54(7), 561-565 (1998). 74. H. E. Townsend, D. D. Davidson, and M. R. Ostermiller, Development of Laboratory Corrosion Tests by the Automotive and Steel Industries of North America, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Zinc and Zinc-Alloy Coated Steel Sheet, Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, Tokyo, pp. 659-666 (1998). 75. H. E. Townsend, C. D. Gorman, and R. J. Fischer, “Atmospheric Corrosion of Hot-Dip Galvanized Bolts for Fastening Weathering Steel Guiderail,” Materials Performance, 38(3), pp. 66-70 (1999). 76. H. E. Townsend, M. W. Simpson, W. B. van der Linde, and D. C. McCune, “License Plate Cosmetic Corrosion Test of Automotive Coated steel Sheet,” Corrosion, 55(4), pp. 406-411 (1999). 77. H. E. Townsend, “Extending the Limits of Growth through Development of Corrosion-Resistant Steel Products,” Corrosion, 55(6), pp. 547-553 (1999) 78. S. J. Oh, D. C. Cook, and H. E. Townsend, “Atmospheric Corrosion of Different Steels in Marine, Rural, and Industrial Environments,” Corrosion Science, 41(9), 1687-1702 (1999). 79. H. E. Townsend, “The Effects of Alloying Elements on the Corrosion Resistance of Steel in Industrial Environments,” Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Corrosion Congress, Corrosion Institute of South Africa, September, 1999. 80. D. C. Cook, A. C. Van Orden, J. Reyes, S. J. Oh, R. Balasubramanian, J. J. Carpio, and H. E. Townsend, “Atmospheric Corrosion in Marine Environments along the Gulf of Mexico,” Atmospheric Corrosion in Marine Environments, ASTM STP 1399, S. W. Dean, G. Hernandez-Duque Delgadillo, and J. B. Bushman, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2000, pp. 75-97. 81. H. E. Townsend, “Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Quenched-and Tempered, High-Strength Weathering Steel,” Corrosion, 56(9), pp. 883-886 (2000). 82. Frank W. Lutze, Duncan C. McCune, R. J. Shaffer, Kevin Smith, Larry S. Thompson, and Herbert E. Townsend , Interlaboratory Testing to Evaluate Improvements in the Precision of the SAE J2334, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet: Galvatech' 2001, M Lamberights Ed., Verlag Stahleisen, Duseldorf (2001). 83. H. E. Townsend and H. H. Lawson, “Twenty-One Year Results for Metallic-Coated Steel in the ASTM 1976 Atmospheric Corrosion Tests,” in Outdoor Atmospheric Corrosion, STP 1421, H. E. Townsend, Ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2002, pp. 284-291. 84. H. E. Townsend, “Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Weathering Steels,” in Outdoor Atmospheric Corrosion, STP 1421, H. E. Townsend, Ed., American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2002, pp. 292-300. 85. H. E. Townsend, Editor, Outdoor Atmospheric Corrosion, STP 1421, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2002. 86. D. Davidson, L. Thompson, F. Lutze, B. Tiburcio, K. Smith, C. Meade, T. Mackie, D. McCune, H. Townsend, and R. Tuszynski, Perforation Corrosion Performance of Autobody Steel Sheet in On-Vehicle and Accelerated Tests, in Advances in Coatings and Corrosion Prevention, SP-1770, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA (2003). 87. F. B. Fletcher, H. E. Townsend, and A. D. Wilson, Development of Improved Weathering Steels for Bridges, prepared for presentation at the National Steel Bridge Alliance World Bridge Symposium, Orlando, FL, November 19-21(2003). 88. H. E. Townsend, Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Steel Sheet Coated with 5%Al-Zn Plus Mischmetal, Materials Performance, 44(11), 28-31, 2005. 89. H. E. Townsend, Atmospheric Estimating the Life of Galvanized Coatings on Steel Sheet, Materials Performance, 45(3), pp.30-32 (2006).